Israel attemps to cause conflict as 138 countries vote for Palestine to become a state

Posted on December 3, 2012 | Leave a comment

BBC News

West Bank cheers Mahmoud Abbas after UN vote

December 2, 2012

Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas has returned to a hero’s welcome in the West Bank after his successful move to upgrade the Palestinians’ UN status. “Now we have a state,” he told cheering supporters in Ramallah. “Palestine has accomplished a historic achievement.” On Thursday the United Nations General Assembly voted to recognise the Palestinians as an observer state. In response Israel halted the transfer of tax revenues to the Palestinian Authority (PA). The decision, announced on Sunday by the Israeli finance ministry, means 460m shekels ($120m; £75m) will be withheld in December. The PA, which governs in the West Bank, is heavily dependant on tax revenues Israel collects on its behalf. A ministry spokesman told the BBC the money would instead be used to offset the PA’s debts, which include millions owed to Israel’s electricity company.

The Israeli decision was announced as Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas returned to the West Bank from the UN in New York. He told thousands of flag-waving supporters in Ramallah that the vote to upgrade the Palestinians’ status from “non-member observer entity” to “non-member observer state” had shown the international community stood behind the Palestinian people. “The march was a long one, and the pressures were enormous,” Mr Abbas added. “But we stood fast and we prevailed, because we are the voice of these people.” Mr Abbas also called for reconciliation between Palestinians – a reference to the split between the PA in the West Bank and Hamas in Gaza. On Friday Israel announced it would move ahead with building thousands of new homes in Israeli settlements in the West Bank, in another apparent response to the UN vote.

Source = BBC News

Palestinians win upgraded UN status by wide margin

November 30, 2012

The UN General Assembly has voted overwhelmingly to recognise Palestine as a non-member observer state – a move strongly opposed by Israel and the US. Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas said this was the “last chance to save the two-state solution” with Israel. Israel’s UN envoy said the bid pushed the peace process “backwards”, while the US said the move was “unfortunate”. The Palestinians can now take part in UN debates and potentially join bodies like the International Criminal Court.

The assembly voted 138-9 in favour, with 41 nations abstaining. Hundreds of Palestinians celebrated on the streets of Ramallah, in the West Bank after the result was announced. “Sixty-five years ago on this day, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolution 181, which partitioned the land of historic Palestine into two states and became the birth certificate for Israel,” Mr Abbas said shortly before the vote in New York. “The General Assembly is called upon today to issue a birth certificate of the reality of the State of Palestine,” he said.

Source = BBC News

Sydney Morning Herald

Palestine seizes statehood

December 1, 2012

IN THE parallel universe of global diplomacy, Thursday was as remarkable and rare as it was grindingly familiar for Palestinians marking the 65th anniversary of the United Nations decision to carve out a new state called Israel in the Middle East. Amid jubilant cheers and waving of traditional chequered scarves, Palestine was embraced as a new ”non-member observer state” at the UN – the same deal as for the Vatican. There at the green-marbled podium was their nemesis, in the guise of Israel’s UN ambassador, taunting them about their own divisions and fractures. Yet in a war seemingly without end, the Palestinians had won a battle, staring down the considerable combined might of Washington and Israel to win more than 130 ”yes” votes for their elevation. There were 40-odd abstentions and, save for the votes of Canada and the Czech Republic, a motley crew of ”no” votes so small as to be meaningless (Micronesia, Nauru and the like), amounting to a total of just nine votes against.   The vote was never in doubt. But it was remarkable nonetheless to see the General Assembly’s electronic tally board ablaze in dominant green for ”yes” with a tinge of orange for the votes of abstainers, such as Britain, Germany and Australia, who would not express their reservations on the Palestinian move as ”no” votes that might have softened the edges of Israel’s defeat. Just nine votes against was proof that the Palestinian Authority (PA) had headed off a concerted Israeli-American diplomatic effort to rob them of a so-called moral majority endorsement of the UN’s implicit recognition of a sovereign state of Palestine. Led by France, a significant European vote in favour included Spain, Switzerland and Ireland. The single discernible advantage in this new standing for the Palestinians, which appears to be at the root of Israeli anger, is access to the International Criminal Court where they might mount cases against Israel for its conduct of the occupation and its treatment of Palestinians. Precisely how else it might change the dynamic of the conflict remains to be seen.   The US and Britain pleaded with PA President Mahmoud Abbas to include a clause in his draft resolution before the General Assembly, undertaking not to go to the ICC – he refused. Just 24 hours before the vote, senior Washington officials went to Abbas’ New York hotel, in a last, failed bid to turn him. British Prime Minister David Cameron joined the effort too, going so far as to offer a ”yes” vote had Abbas agreed. In the face of Abbas’ persistence, Israel backed away from a recent salvo of retaliatory threats – abandonment of the Oslo Accords, ousting Abbas as head of the PA and a clamp on the delivery of Palestinian tax revenue collected by Israel – to a more subdued wait-and-see stance. Israel’s response would be ”proportionate” to how the Palestinians acted after the vote, Israel’s Foreign Ministry spokesman, Yigal Palmor, said – ”if they use it to continue confronting Israel and other UN bodies, there will be a firm response. If not, then there won’t.”   Struggling for relevance and respect amid the seeming failure of a so-called peace process that was launched on the back of the 1993 Oslo Accords and being eclipsed by his factional foes in the Hamas Islamist movement, the other half of the Palestinian political equation, Abbas concluded that traipsing to the UN bunker, on the banks of the East River in Manhattan, was possibly his last best option – particularly given the near adulation bestowed on his Hamas rivals in the wake of the Arab Spring and the latest fighting in Gaza. This is the new regional dynamic that may be superseding the Oslo Accords, which had managed to keep the likes of Egypt and Jordan as players in an aimless process and many other Arab states as passive observers, as Washington, Israel and the Palestinians went through the motions of stalling or failed negotiations, during which Israeli settlement of Palestinian land continued unchecked.   France and Spain, in particular, justified their ”yes” votes on Thursday as efforts to bolster Abbas, as he is overshadowed by the ascendant Hamas, which, in the eyes of many Palestinians, has proved that violent resistance gets better results than recognition of the state of Israel, the renouncement of violence, participation in almost 20 years of peace talks and co-operation with the US.

Source = The Sydney Morning Herald

Voice of America

Israel Retaliates for UN Vote on Palestine

December 2, 2012

JERUSALEM — Israel is retaliating for Thursday’s United Nations vote on Palestinian statehood, announcing it will withhold $120 million in taxes and customs collected for the Palestinian Authority to pay debts to Israeli companies. In a unanimous resolution passed Sunday, Israel’s Cabinet said it would not negotiate on the basis of the General Assembly’s recognition of a state of Palestine in the occupied West Bank,  East Jerusalem and Gaza Strip. “The unilateral step taken by the Palestinians at the United Nations violates peace agreements,” Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said, justifying Israel’s rejection of the U.N. vote. The only way to Palestinian statehood and peace is through direct negotiations with Israel, he said.

Israeli Finance Minister Yuval Steinitz said the government would use the money it was to transfer to the Palestinians to pay off their debt to Israel’s state-run electricity company and other Israeli firms. The Cabinet also approved a plan to build 3,000 new homes for Jews in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem. Mr. Netanyahu said Israel would continue to build in response to the U.N. vote, which he described as an “attack on Zionism and the State of Israel.” Sunday’s move came as cheering crowds welcomed Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas back to the West Bank city of Ramallah following his diplomatic victory last week when the Palestinians won non-member state observer status at the U.N. General Assembly.

“The world said yes to the state of Palestine, yes to the freedom of Palestine, yes to the independence of Palestine, no to aggression, settlements and occupation,” Abbas told some 5,000 people to wild applause. The Palestinian president warned of “creative punishments” by Israel, referring to the latest settlement construction plans. Friday’s announcement of 3,000 new homes on Israeli-occupied land is especially contentious as building in the area near East Jerusalem known as E1 could obstruct the ultimate creation of a contiguous Palestinian state because it cuts through the West Bank.

The construction would connect the large Jewish settlement of Maale Adumim to Jerusalem, dividing the West Bank in two. The Palestinian cities of Ramallah and Bethlehem would be cut off from East Jerusalem. U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Saturday Israeli plans for new settlements abutting East Jerusalem “set back the cause of a negotiated peace.” Britain and France urged Israel to rescind the decision, and other European states also denounced it.  Actual construction could be years away, if it takes place at all. Israeli Housing Minister Ariel Attias told Army Radio on Sunday, “There is no decision to build. There is a decision to plan. You can’t build an apartment without planning.”

Source = Voice of America

Resolution 471: ” … ‘expresses deep concern’ at Israel’s failure to abide by the Fourth Geneva Convention”.

United Nations General Assembly resolutions

United Nations Security Council resolutions

  • Resolution 42: The Palestine Question (5 March 1948) Requests recommendations for the Palestine Commission
  • Resolution 43: The Palestine Question (1 Apr 1948) Recognizes “increasing violence and disorder in Palestine” and requests that representatives of “the Jewish Agency for Palestine and the Arab Higher Committee” arrange, with the Security Council, “a truce between the Arab and Jewish Communities of Palestine…Calls upon Arab and Jewish armed groups in Palestine to cease acts of violence immediately.”
  • Resolution 44: The Palestine Question (1 Apr 1948) Requests convocation of special session of the General Assembly
  • Resolution 46: The Palestine Question (17 Apr 1948) As the United Kingdom is the Mandatory Power, “it is responsible for the maintenance of peace and order in Palestine.” The Resolutions also “Calls upon all persons and organizations in Palestine” to stop importing “armed bands and fighting personnel…whatever their origin;…weapons and war materials;…Refrain, pending the future government of Palestine…from any political activity which might prejudice the rights, claims, or position of either community;…refrain from any action which will endanger the safety of the Holy Places in Palestine.”
  • Resolution 48: April 23, 1948, calls on all concerned parties to comply with UNSC Resolution 46 and establishes a Truce Commission for Palestine to assist the SC in implementing the truce. Approved 8-0, abstentions from Colombia, Ukrainian SSR and USSR.
  • Resolution 49: May 22, 1948 issues a cease-fire order to come into effect at noon, May 24, 1948, New York time. Orders the Truce Commission for Palestine previously set up to report on compliance. Adopted by 8-0, abstentions from Ukrainian SSR, USSR and Syria.
  • Resolution 50: May 29, 1948, calls for a four week ceasefire covering Palestine, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Transjordan and Yemen. Urges all to protect the Holy Places and Jerusalem. Offers the UN Mediator as many military observers as necessary. Further violations and the Council would consider action under Chapter VII of the UN Charter. Adopted in parts; no voting on the resolution as a whole.
  • Resolution 53: The Palestine Question (7 Jul 1948)
  • Resolution 54: The Palestine Question (15 Jul 1948)
  • Resolution 56: The Palestine Question (19 Aug 1948)
  • Resolution 57: The Palestine Question (18 Sep 1948)
  • Resolution 59: The Palestine Question (19 Oct 1948)
  • Resolution 60: The Palestine Question (29 Oct 1948)
  • Resolution 61: The Palestine Question (4 Nov 1948)
  • Resolution 62: The Palestine Question (16 Nov 1948)
  • Resolution 66: The Palestine Question (29 Dec 1948)
  • Resolution 72: The Palestine Question (11 Aug 1949)
  • Resolution 73: The Palestine Question (11 Aug 1949)
  • Resolution 89 (17 November 1950): regarding Armistice in 1948 Arab-Israeli War and “transfer of persons”.
  • Resolution 92: The Palestine Question (8 May 1951)
  • Resolution 93: The Palestine Question (18 May 1951)
  • Resolution 95: The Palestine Question (1 Sep 1951)
  • Resolution 100: The Palestine Question (27 Oct 1953)
  • Resolution 101: The Palestine Question (24 Nov 1953)
  • Resolution 106: The Palestine Question (29 Mar 1955) ‘condemns’ Israel for Gaza raid.
  • Resolution 107: The Palestine Question (30 March)
  • Resolution 108: The Palestine Question (8 September)
  • Resolution 111: The Palestine Question (January 19, 1956) ” … ‘condemns’ Israel for raid on Syria that killed fifty-six people”.
  • Resolution 113: The Palestine Question (4 April)
  • Resolution 114: The Palestine Question (4 June)
  • Resolution 127: The Palestine Question (January 22, 1958) ” … ‘recommends’ Israel suspends its ‘no-man’s zone’ in Jerusalem”.
  • Resolution 138: (June 23, 1960) Question relating to the case of Israel’s capture of Adolf Eichmann, concerning Argentina‘s complaint that Israel breached its sovereignty.
  • Resolution 162: The Palestine Question (April 11, 1961) ” … ‘urges’ Israel to comply with UN decisions”.
  • Resolution 171: The Palestine Question (April 9, 1962) ” … determines flagrant violations’ by Israel in its attack on Syria”.
  • Resolution 228: The Palestine Question (November 25, 1966) ” … ‘censures’ Israel for its attack on Samu in the West Bank, then under Jordanian control”.
  • Resolution 233 Six Day War (June 6, 1967)
  • Resolution 234 Six Day War (June 7, 1967)
  • Resolution 235 Six Day War (June 9, 1967)
  • Resolution 236 Six Day War (June 11, 1967)
  • Resolution 237: Six Day War June 14, 1967) ” … ‘urges’ Israel to allow return of new 1967 Palestinian refugees”. and called on Israel to ensure the safety and welfare of inhabitants of areas where fighting had taken place.
  • Resolution 240 (October 25, 1967): concerning violations of the cease-fire
  • Resolution 242 (November 22, 1967): Termination of all claims or states of belligerency and respect for and acknowledgment of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of every State in the area. Calls on Israel’s neighbors to end the state of belligerency and calls upon Israel to reciprocate by withdraw its forces from land claimed by other parties in 1967 war. Interpreted commonly today as calling for the Land for peace principle as a way to resolve Arab-Israeli conflict
  • Resolution 248: (March 24, 1968) ” … ‘condemns’ Israel for its massive attack on Karameh in Jordan”.
  • Resolution 250: (April 27) ” … ‘calls’ on Israel to refrain from holding military parade in Jerusalem”.
  • Resolution 251: (May 2) ” … ‘deeply deplores’ Israeli military parade in Jerusalem in defiance of Resolution 250″.
  • Resolution 252: (May 21) ” … ‘declares invalid’ Israel’s acts to unify Jerusalem as Jewish capital”.
  • Resolution 256: (August 16) ” … ‘condemns’ Israeli raids on Jordan as ‘flagrant violation”.
  • Resolution 258: (September 18) … expressed ‘concern’ with the welfare of the inhabitants of the Israeli-occupied territories, and requested a special representative to be sent to report on the implementation of Resolution 237, and that Israel cooperate.
  • Resolution 259: (September 27) ” … ‘deplores’ Israel’s refusal to accept UN mission to probe occupation”.
  • Resolution 262: (December 31) ” … ‘condemns’ Israel for attack on Beirut airport“.
  • Resolution 265: (April 1, 1969) ” … ‘condemns’ Israel for air attacks on Salt“.
  • Resolution 267: (July 3) ” … ‘censures’ Israel for administrative acts to change the status of Jerusalem”.
  • Resolution 270: (August 26) ” … ‘condemns’ Israel for air attacks on villages in southern Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 271: (September 15) ” … ‘condemns’ Israel’s failure to obey UN resolutions on Jerusalem”.
  • Resolution 279: (May 12, 1970) “Demands the immediate withdrawal of all Israeli armed forces from Lebanese territory.”(full text)
  • Resolution 280: (May 19) ” … ‘condemns’ Israeli’s attacks against Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 285: (September 5) ” … ‘demands’ immediate Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 298: (September 25, 1971) ” … ‘deplores’ Israel’s changing of the status of Jerusalem”.
  • Resolution 313: (February 28, 1972) ” … ‘demands’ that Israel stop attacks against Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 316: (June 26) ” … ‘condemns’ Israel for repeated attacks on Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 317: (July 21) ” … ‘deplores’ Israel’s refusal to release Arabs abducted in Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 331: (April 20, 1973)
  • Resolution 332: (April 21) ” … ‘condemns’ Israel’s repeated attacks against Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 337: (August 15) ” … ‘condemns’ Israel for violating Lebanon’s sovereignty and territorial integrity and for the forcible diversion and seizure of a Lebanese airliner from Lebanon’s air space”.
  • Resolution 338 (22 October 1973): ” …’calls’ for a cease fire” in Yom Kippur War and “the implementation of Security Council Resolution 242 (1967) in all of its parts”, and “Decides that, immediately and concurrently with the cease-fire, negotiations shall start between the parties concerned under appropriate auspices aimed at establishing a just and durable peace in the Middle East.”
  • Resolution 339 (23 October 1973): Confirms Res. 338, dispatch UN observers.
  • Resolution 340 (25 October): “Demands that immediate and complete cease-fire be observed, per 338 and 339, and requests to increase the number of United Nations military observers
  • Resolution 341 (27 October): “Approves the report on the implementation resolution 340
  • Resolution 344 (15 December)
  • Resolution 346 (April 8, 1974)
  • Resolution 347: (April 24)” … ‘condemns’ Israeli attacks on Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 350 (31 May 1974) established the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force, to monitor the ceasefire between Israel and Syria in the wake of the Yom Kippur War.
  • Resolution 362 (October 23) decides to extend the mandate of the United Nations Emergency Force for another six months
  • Resolution 363 (November 29)
  • Resolution 368 (April 17, 1975), called on the parties involved in the prevailing state of tension in the Middle East to immediately implement Resolution 338.
  • Resolution 369 (May 28, 1975), expressed concern over the prevailing state of tension in the Middle East, reaffirmed that the two previous agreements were only a step towards the implementation of Resolution 338 and called on the parties to implement it, and extended the mandate of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 371, expressed concern at a lack of progress towards a lasting peace in the Middle East.
  • Resolution 378, called for the implementation of Resolution 338 and extended the mandate of the United Nations Emergency Force.
  • Resolution 381, expressed concern over continued tensions, extended the mandate of the United Nations Emergency Force, and scheduled a later meeting to continue the debate on the Middle East.
  • Resolution 390, considered a report regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force and extended its mandate, noted the efforts to establish peace in the Middle East, but expressed concern over the prevailing state of tensions, and called for the implementation of Resolution 338.
  • Resolution 396
  • Resolution 408
  • Resolution 416
  • Resolution 420, regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 425 (1978): ” … ‘calls’ on Israel to withdraw its forces from Lebanon”. Israel’s withdrawal from Lebanon was completed by 16 June 2000.
  • Resolution 426, established the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL).
  • Resolution 427: ” … ‘calls’ on Israel to complete its withdrawal from Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 429
  • Resolution 434, renewed the mandate of UNIFIL and called upon Israel and Lebanon to implement prior resolutions.
  • Resolution 438
  • Resolution 441
  • Resolution 444: ” … ‘deplores’ Israel’s lack of cooperation with UN peacekeeping forces”.
  • Resolution 446 (1979): ‘determines’ that Israeli settlements are a ‘serious obstruction’ to peace and calls on Israel to abide by the Fourth Geneva Convention”.
  • Resolution 449, regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 450: ” … ‘calls’ on Israel to stop attacking Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 452: ” … ‘calls’ on Israel to cease building settlements in occupied territories”.
  • Resolution 456, regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 459, regarding UNIFIL.
  • Resolution 465: ” … ‘deplores’ Israel’s settlements and asks all member states not to assist Israel’s settlements program”.
  • Resolution 467: ” … ‘strongly deplores’ Israel’s military intervention in Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 468: ” … ‘calls’ on Israel to rescind illegal expulsions of two Palestinian mayors and a judge and to facilitate their return”.
  • Resolution 469: ” … ‘strongly deplores’ Israel’s failure to observe the council’s order not to deport Palestinians”.
  • Resolution 470, regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 471: ” … ‘expresses deep concern’ at Israel’s failure to abide by the Fourth Geneva Convention”.
  • Resolution 474, regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 476: ” … ‘reiterates’ that Israel’s claim to Jerusalem are ‘null and void'”.
  • Resolution 478 (20 August 1980): ‘censures (Israel) in the strongest terms’ for its claim to Jerusalem in its ‘Basic Law’.
  • Resolution 481, regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 483, noted the continuing need for UNIFIL given the situation between Israel and Lebanon, and extended its mandate.
  • Resolution 484: ” … ‘declares it imperative’ that Israel re-admit two deported Palestinian mayors”.
  • Resolution 485, regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 487: ” … ‘strongly condemns’ Israel for its attack on Iraq’s nuclear facility”.
  • Resolution 488, regarding UNIFIL.
  • Resolution 493, regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 497 (17 December 1981), decides that Israel’s annexation of Syria’s Golan Heights is ‘null and void’ and demands that Israel rescinds its decision forthwith.
  • Resolution 498: ” … ‘calls’ on Israel to withdraw from Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 501: ” … ‘calls’ on Israel to stop attacks against Lebanon and withdraw its troops”.
  • Resolution 506, regarding the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force.
  • Resolution 508: demanded an end to hostilities between Israel and the PLO taking place in Lebanon, and called for a cease-fire.
  • Resolution 509: ” … ‘demands’ that Israel withdraw its forces forthwith and unconditionally from Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 511, extended the mandate of UNIFIL.
  • Resolution 515: ” … ‘demands’ that Israel lift its siege of Beirut and allow food supplies to be brought in”.
  • Resolution 516, demanded an immediate cessation of military activities in Lebanon, noting violations of the cease-fire in Beirut.
  • Resolution 517: ” … ‘censures’ Israel for failing to obey UN resolutions and demands that Israel withdraw its forces from Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 518: ” … ‘demands’ that Israel cooperate fully with UN forces in Lebanon”.
  • Resolution 519, extended the mandate of UNIFIL, and authorized it to carry out humanitarian tasks.
  • Resolution 520: ” … ‘condemns’ Israel’s attack into West Beirut”.
  • Resolution 523
  • Resolution 524
  • Resolution 529
  • Resolution 531
  • Resolution 536
  • Resolution 538
  • Resolution 543
  • Resolution 549
  • Resolution 551
  • Resolution 555
  • Resolution 557
  • Resolution 561
  • Resolution 563
  • Resolution 573: ” … ‘condemns’ Israel ‘vigorously’ for bombing Tunisia in attack on PLO headquarters.
  • Resolution 575
  • Resolution 576
  • Resolution 583
  • Resolution 584
  • Resolution 586
  • Resolution 587 ” … ‘takes note’ of previous calls on Israel to withdraw its forces from Lebanon and urges all parties to withdraw”.
  • Resolution 590
  • Resolution 592: ” … ‘strongly deplores’ the killing of Palestinian students at Birzeit University by Israeli troops”.
  • Resolution 594
  • Resolution 596
  • Resolution 599
  • Resolution 603
  • Resolution 605: ” … ‘strongly deplores’ Israel’s policies and practices denying the human rights of Palestinians.
  • Resolution 607: ” … ‘calls’ on Israel not to deport Palestinians and strongly requests it to abide by the Fourth Geneva Convention.
  • Resolution 608: ” … ‘deeply regrets’ that Israel has defied the United Nations and deported Palestinian civilians”.
  • Resolution 609
  • Resolution 611: “… condemned Israel’s assassination of Khalil al-Wazir as a ‘flagrant violation of the Charter‘
  • Resolution 613
  • Resolution 617
  • Resolution 624
  • Resolution 630
  • Resolution 633
  • Resolution 636: ” … ‘deeply regrets’ Israeli deportation of Palestinian civilians.
  • Resolution 639 (31 Jul 1989)
  • Resolution 641 (30 Aug 1989): ” … ‘deplores’ Israel’s continuing deportation of Palestinians.
  • Resolution 645 (29 Nov 1989)
  • Resolution 648 (31 Jan 1990)[1] The Security Council extends the mandate of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon until July 31, 1990.
  • Resolution 655 (31 May 1990)
  • Resolution 659 (31 Jul 1990)
  • Resolution 672 (12 Oct 1990): ” … ‘condemns’ Israel for “violence against Palestinians” at the Haram al-Sharif/Temple Mount.
  • Resolution 673 (24 Oct 1990): ” … ‘deplores’ Israel’s refusal to cooperate with the United Nations.
  • Resolution 679 (30 Nov 1990)
  • Resolution 681 (20 Dec 1990): ” … ‘deplores’ Israel’s resumption of the deportation of Palestinians.
  • Resolution 684 (30 Jan 1991)
  • Resolution 694 (24 May 1991): ” … ‘deplores’ Israel’s deportation of Palestinians and calls on it to ensure their safe and immediate return.
  • Resolution 695 (30 May 1991)
  • Resolution 701 (31 Jul 1991)
  • Resolution 722 (29 Nov 1991)
  • Resolution 726 (06 Jan 1992): ” … ‘strongly condemns’ Israel’s deportation of Palestinians.
  • Resolution 734 (29 Jan 1992)
  • Resolution 756 (29 May 1992)
  • Resolution 768 (30 Jul 1992)
  • Resolution 790 (25 Nov 1992)
  • Resolution 799 (18 Dec 1992): “. . . ‘strongly condemns’ Israel’s deportation of 413 Palestinians and calls for their immediate return.
  • Resolution 803 (28 Jan 1993)
  • Resolution 830 (26 May 1993)
  • Resolution 852 (28 Jul 1993)
  • Resolution 887 (29 Nov 1993)
  • Resolution 895 (28 Jan 1994)
  • Resolution 904 (18 Mar 1994): Cave of the Patriarchs massacre.
  • Resolution 938 (28 Jul 1994): extends mandate of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon until January 31, 1995.
  • Resolution 1039 (29 Jan 1996)
  • Resolution 1052 (18 Apr 1996)
  • Resolution 1057 (30 May 1996)
  • Resolution 1068 (30 Jul 1996)
  • Resolution 1073 (28 Sep 1996)
  • Resolution 1081 (27 Nov 1996)
  • Resolution 1095 (28 Jan 1997)
  • Resolution 1109 (28 May 1997)
  • Resolution 1122 (29 Jul 1997)
  • Resolution 1139 (21 Nov 1997)
  • Resolution 1151 (30 Jan 1998)
  • Resolution 1169 (27 May 1998)
  • Resolution 1188 (30 Jul 1998)
  • Resolution 1211 (25 Nov 1998)
  • Resolution 1223 (28 Jan 1999)
  • Resolution 1243 (27 May 1999)
  • Resolution 1254 (30 Jul 1999)
  • Resolution 1276 (24 Nov 1999)
  • Resolution 1288 (31 Jan 2000)
  • Resolution 1300 (31 May 2000)
  • Resolution 1310 (27 Jul 2000)
  • Resolution 1322 (07 Oct 2000) deplored Ariel Sharon‘s visit to the Temple Mount and the violence that followed
  • Resolution 1328 (27 Nov 2000)
  • Resolution 1337 (30 Jan 2001)
  • Resolution 1351 (30 May 2001)
  • Resolution 1397 (12 Mar 2002) the first resolution to explicitly call for a two-state solution.
  • Resolution 1435 (24 Sep 2002) demanded an end to Israeli measures in and around Ramallah, and an Israeli withdrawal to positions held before September 2000.
  • Resolution 1559 (2 September 2004) called upon Lebanon to establish its sovereignty over all of its land and called upon Syria to end their military presence in Lebanon by withdrawing its forces and to cease intervening in internal Lebanese politics. The resolution also called on all Lebanese militias to disband.
  • Resolution 1583 (28 January 2005) calls on Lebanon to assert full control over its border with Israel. It also states that “the Council has recognized the Blue Line as valid for the purpose of confirming Israel’s withdrawal pursuant to resolution 425.
  • Resolution 1648 (21 December 2005)
  • Resolution 1701 (11 August 2006) called for the full cessation of hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah.
  • Resolution 1860 (9 January 2009) called for the full cessation of war between Israel and Hamas.
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